BIODIVERSITY, TAXONOMY, ECOLOGY
Gasich E.L. Mycobiota of the field bindweed in European part of Russia, and perspective micromycetes for the weed control // Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.1-11.
Abstract
Fielid bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) is one of the most harmfull weeds in Russia and worlwide. This weed is belong to hardly eradicative and meet the requirements, showed to weeds, the development of biological control of which is economically expedient. The revealing of weed micobiota is a base stagr in development of biological method of weed control with pathogenic fungi. The tax of plants damaged with fungi was carried out in 1993-1998 yy. on territory 15 regions of a European part of Russia. The list of micromycetes contains 25 species from 21 genera, 7 orders, 3 divisions; 18 species were found out on this plant for the first time. On the basis of literary data and the results of an experiments on artificial inoculation the Septoria convolvuli, S.longispora and S.calystegiae has been selected for detailed studies as the perspective agents of the field bindweed biocontrol.
Govorova O.K. Distribution of Clavariadelphus species in the Russian Far East. // Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.11-15.
Abstract
The species composition, distribution, and ecology of clavarioid fungi belonging in the genus Clavariadelphus have been studied. It was found that 8 species occur in the Russian Far East. Two species (Clavariadelphus americanus and C.mucronatus) are reported for Russia for the first time.
Zelenskaya M.S., Vlasov D.Yu. Micromycetes from stony substrates at White Sea islands. // Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.15-19.
Abstract
Forty one micromycete species were isolated from stony substrates at the islands of the White Sea. Typical soil fungi and specific rock inhabitants (microcolonial fungi) are reported and discussed.
Mukhin V.A., Kotiranta H. Biological diversity and structure of arctic ruderal communities, formed by xylotrophic basidial fungi // Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.19-26.
Abstract
Preliminary data on wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes evolving on timber along the arctic coast of Yakutia are presented. Total of 41 species are listed with two species to be new for Russia. Substrate preferences and biological features of the studied fungi are described. It is concluded that arctic communities of wood-inhabiting fungi are characterised by low species diversity, predominance of corticioid fungi and lack of species capable to form perennial fruit bodies.
Nezdojminogo E.L. Basidial macromycetes in mountain tundras of Polar Urals. // Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.26-30.
Abstract
79 species of agaricoid and gasteroid macromycetes are recorded from the alpine zone of the Polar Ural. 46 species of the agaricoid fungi are ectomycorrhizal. 26 species are associated with Betula nana, 25 species - with shrub and dwarf-shrub willows, 12 species - with Dryas sp. Lignicolous species are absent, muscicolous and litter decomposing species are rare, probably due to the cold climate and unfavourable habitats. Biota of higher basidiomycetes of the Polar Ural constists of: arctic-alpine and subarctic-subalpine element (44%), boreal element (50%), multizonal element (6%).
Sopina A.A. Agaricoid basidiomycetes from mountain forests of river Belaya basin (North-West Caucasus).I.// Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.30-44.
Abstract
The first part of the annotated list of agaricoid basidiomycetes collected by the author in mountain forests of basin of river Belaya (North-West Caucasus) in presented. The beech, fir and mixed forests from 350 to 1800-2000 m above sea-level were investigated.
Sheraliev A.Sh., Bukharov K.V. Fusarium species infecting agricultural and weed plants in Uzbecistan.// Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.44-48.
Abstract
Seventeen species and ten varieties from sections Roseum, Discolor, Sporotrichiella, Elegans, Martiella, and Arachnites of the genus Fusarium were found in Uzbekistan. According to frequency analyses such species as F.javanicum, F.lateritium, F.solani, F.oxysporum, F.heterosporum, F.moniliforme, and F.gibbosum are dominant, while F.merismoides, F.redolens, F.nivale are sub-dominant. F.sporotrichiella, F.semitectum, F.culmorum, F.bucharicum, F.graminearum, and F.avenacium are rare. Overall species diversity is higher in central and southern regions of the Republic comparing to it is northern areas.
Kaitera Yu.A., Fedorkov A.L., Yalkanen R.E. Sensitivity of Scots pine shoots to infection by Gremmeniella abietina var abietina in contrasting conditions of environmental pollution.// Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.48-53.
Abstract
Susceptebility of Pinus sylvestris seedlings to Gremmeniella abietina var abietina was investigated in two areas subjected to high and low annual deposition of SO2 and. heavy metals from Nickel smelter in Northern Russia. Number of Scots pine seedlings orginating from three northern Finnish and two Russian areas were inoculated. Symptoms of G.abietina were more frequently observed under low deposition of pollutants. Under the high level of pollutants disease rate was regardless the origin of seedlings, that may indicate the overall reduction of pathogen vitality in such conditions. Under low deposition of pollutants seedlings from Finland were somewhat strongly affected by the fungus, though the difference was statistically insignificant. Strong natural infection caused by G.abietina also occurred under low deposition of pollutants.
Sokolova G.D., Devyatkina G.A., Pavlova V.V., Dorofeeva L.L., Kozhukhovskaya V.A. Heterogenesity of Fusarium graminearum isolates in respect toxigenic reactions to fungicides.// Mycol. and phytopat. No. 35, Vol. 2, 2001. P.53-58.
Abstract
Monoconidial isolates (strains) of phytopathologenic fungus Fusarium graminearum were shown to differ in levels of toxigenisity and character of fungicidal effect on toxigenesis. Tebuconazole increased production of toxins in some strains, but decreased such production in other strains both in vivo and in vitro. Intensification of toxigenesis was not observed for triadimenol or triadinefon. Tarasov A.B., Kostitsyn V.V. White (halo) spot of perennial grass crops, caused by Pseudoseptoria stomaticola in Nort-West Russia 58 Pseudoseptoria stomaticola have spread widely in North-West Russia since 1995. The fungus causes a white (halo) spot of cock's-foot, Canary grass and timothy. The paper deals with results of observation of disease symptoms, morphological and biological properties of the pathogen, specialisation of the fungus, as well as cock´s-foot varieties resistance to it. Synonyms are also mentioned.