Demidova, E. E. & V. R. Filin. False columella and spore release in Tetraplodon angustatus (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp. in B. S. G. and T. mnioides (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp. in B. S. G. (Musci: Splachnaceae). // Arctoa. 1994. V. 3. P. 1-6.

Abstract

The capsule development of Tetraplodon angustatus and T. mnioides was studied by placing emphasis on spore releasing mechanism. The same developmental pattern is observed in both species. Inside the capsule with multi-layered archesporium, a false columella (the axial tissue cylinder below the true columella) begins to develop. This stucture consists of small cells. When the capsule matures and opens, the true columella degenerates while the false columella develops further by cell elongation. Spores are pushed out from urn subsequently. A lysigenous cavity often develops in the middle of apophysis, containing probably aromatic substances. The one to two-layered annulus consisting of two to three rows of small cells with irregularly thickened walls is a specialized mechanism for operculum removal.