V.N.Sukachev Institute of Forest Reseach, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Abstract

The development of certain form depends on natural selection and morphogenesis. The former process is resulted in analogies - characters of convergent similarity, while the latter can lead to non-adaptive parallel similarity of relatives (homologous series of N.I.Vavilov). Morphogenetic factor is shaped by past selection but does not depend on it at each new evolution act: spectrum of forms that can be produced is totally determined by embryological mechanisms and precedes the beginning of an evolutionary change. Mutual independence of two factors allows to use Bohr's correspondence principle. According to this principle any explanation is not full: it has its own competence area with its own rules for conclusions; there is no rules for logic transition between groups of accidental events; interaction of factors is expressed only as a limitation of their pattern formation abilities. To diminish uncertainty one can use the principle of evolution stabilisation of function by N.V.Kokshaisky, i.e. statement that functions of organism level are kept stable in the process of evolution while some changes at the lower levels can are possible. The higher level of changes, the more complete reconstruction takes place in organism. The direction of evolution is minimisation of total sum of changes. As a consequence, the higher hierarchical level of function, more adaptive characters are belonged to its structures. And opposite, the lower hierarchical level, the more freedom for morphogenetic changes, the form of structures becomes indifferent for selection. Therefore the characters of high hierarchical levels can be explained in terms of adaptation, while the features of low level - on the base of morphogenetic peculiarities.