Biological series
Volume 107, Part 5
2002
9.09.2002
CONTENTS
Tomkovich P.S.. Lappo E.G., Syroechkovski E.E., Jr. Southern breeding population of Grey Plover (Pluvialis squatarold) in Chukotka 3
Zharkikh T.L., Yastnetska N.I., Borovskij A.N., Zvegintsova N.S. A study of the Przevalski horse population in the zone of Chemobyl Nuclear Power Plant 9
Bibin A.R. The Longicorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of the Caucasian reserve (including of some adjacent territory) 17
Terentyev A.S. Effect of marine stationary oil-boring platform on the benthic community of the Golitsyno Rise (northwestern Black Sea) 24
Belaya G.A., Morowv V.L. Factors of giantism of herbaceous plant communities 30
Lubeyiova N. V. Potential and real seed production of Antoxanthum odoratum L. in alpine commmities 40
Rechetnikova N.M., Kuptsov S.V. 100-yeas dynamics of vascular plant flora in Glubokoe Lake, Moscow district 45
Volkova P.A., Sonina S.I.,Shipunov A.B. The bechavior of Nymphaea candida Presl. flovers on the lake Moldino (Tverskaya province) 57
Scientific communications
Kossenko S.M. Honeybees in food of the Blue-cheeked Bee-eater (Merops persicus) in the lower Zeravshan River valley (southern Kizilkum, Uzbekistan) 64
Martynenko V.B., Solomeshch A.I., Muldashev A.A., Mirkin B.M. Ecological and biological diversity of the Bashcortostan Republic Pine-forests 68
Skvortsov A.K. A new system of the genus Betula 73
Mavrodiev E. V. Typha tichomirovii Mavrodiev and Criptobasis mariae Mavrodiev - new species from south-east European Russia and Middle Asia 77
Zakharov A.A., Gerasimova M.A., Onipchenko V.G. Relationship between plant distribution and snow depth in an alpine snowbed community 80
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANT DISTRIBUTION AND SNOW DEPTH IN AN ALPINE SNOWBED COMMUNITY
A.A. Zakharov,M.A. Gerasimova, V.G. Onipchenko
Summary
Relationship between topographic position on flat gentle slope and species occurrence was studied in Teberda Nature Reserve, the Northwest Caucasus. All frequent species were classified into six groups according their abundance on snow depth gradient. Agrosfis vinealis, Carex pyrenaica, Hyalopoa pontica, Pedicularis nordmanniana, Sibbaldia procumbens, Taraxacum stevenii occupied lowest plots with the most snow accumulation. Carum meifolium and Catabrosella variegata showed their highest frequency on the mean position on snow depth gradient. Carum caucasicum, Campanula tridentata, Matricaria caucasica, Minuartia allioides had their highest occurrence on upper plots with least snow depth within the snowbed community. Nardus stricta and Carex atrata were indifferent to snow depth in studied area.
A NEW SYSTEM OF THE GENUS BETULA
A.K. Skvortsov
Summary
The new system proposes 4 subgenera:
1. Sinobetula A Skvortsov subg. nov. Type: B. gynoterminalis Hsu et C.J. Wang in Acta bot. Yunnan. 5, N 4. 331 (1983). Monotypic.
2. Nipponobetula A. Skvortsov subg. nov. Type: B. corylifolia Regel et Maximowicz. Monotypic.
3. Asperae Nakai 1915 (sensu amplificato). Type: B. schmidtii Regel. Consists of 3 sections: Asperae (Nakai) Kuseneva 1936, Chinenses (Nakai) Z.D. Chen 1994, Lentae Regel 1865.
4. Betula. Type: B. alba L. Consists of 5 sections: Acuminatae Regel 1865, Dahuricae Regel 1865, Costatae Regel 1865, Apterocaryon Spach 1841 (Humiles W.D. Koch 1844), Betula.
All well recognized species are referred to proper sections.
ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE BASHKORTOSTAN REPUBLIC PINE-FORESTS
V.B. Martynenko, A.I. Solomeshch, A.A. Muldashev, B.M. Mirkin
Quantitative and qualitative analyses of Pine-forests in the Bashkortostan Republic (the South Ural) have been used to estimate their biodiversity, a-, p- and y-divcrsity have been calculated as quantitative characteristics of their biodiversity. Comparative analyses of the floristic composition of alliances described according to the Braun-Blanquet approach was used as a biodiversity qualitative characteristic. Three classes Bracfiypodio-Betuletea, Querco-Fagetea and Vaccinia- Piceetea and six alliances were described. It was shown that syntaxa of ecologic-floristic classification better represent plant community diversity than quantitative estimations of the a-, P- and y-diversity of these forests.
HONEYBEES IN FOOD OF THE BLUE-CHEEKED BEE-EATER (MEROPS PERSICUS) IN THE LOWER ZERAVSHAN RIVER VALLEY (SOUTHERN KIZILKUM, UZBEKISTAN)
S.M. Kossenko
Summary
A role of the Honeybee (Apis mellifera) as a prey of the Blue-cheeked Bee-eater (Merops persicus Pall.) was studied in the lower reaches of the Zeravshan River (southern Kizilkum, Uzbekistan) in 1989-199). The honeybees were recorded in food of the Blue-cheeked Bee-eater in 10 of 13 localities studied ranging from 0,5% to 54,7% of the total numberot prey items. There was also a large geographical and seasonal variation in the consumption rate of honeybees by Bluecheeked Bee-eater. A strong relationship was fond between the percentage of honeybees in the diet of nestlings and distance from apiary.
THE BEHAVIOR OF NYMPHAEA CANDIDA PRESL. FLOWERS ON THE LAKE MOLDINO (TVERSKAYA PROVINCE)
P.A. Volkova, S.I. Sonina, A.B. Shipunov
Summary
The goal of our work was to study the flower behavior of Nymphaea Candida Presl. Observations were made for three seasons in June, 1999, 2000 and 2001 in the LJdomelskh region, Tverskaya province. Following conclusions were made.
1. The behavior of Nymphaea flowers was determined by their growth stage.
2. Factors that change during the whole day regulate the amplitude of the opening of the flower and it's immersion.
3. The length of the Nymphaea "day" depends on the cloudiness and atmospheric pressure.
4. The intensity of bloom in of the Nymphaea depends on the temperature of the air and the water.
5. Our materials on the particularities of the Nymphaea flower behavior do not disagree with other published material on biological rhythms of plants and they also extend the published data on the rhythmic of this species.'
100-YEAS DYNAMICS OF VASCULAR PLANT FLORA IN GLUBOKOE LAKE, MOSCOW DISTRICT
N.M. Reshetnikova, S.V. Kuptsov
Summary
The vascular plant's macrophyte flora changes at Glubokoe Lake, based on the author's observations and analysis from literary and cartographic data, were shown in this study. Oldest in Russia freshwater hydrobiological station was established on the lakeshore in 1891, that is why data of macrophyte flora and plant communities was recording at least during the last hundred years. The investigated dynamics of macrophyte flora (33 species) are connected with the lake's peculiarity characteristics and changes in hydrological conditions. Correlations between stability (or fluctuations) of plant spatial distribution and. their biology are discussed. Movement of down macrophyte's inhabitancy border to the higher depths and displacement of main communities were shown and connected with increase of transparency.
POTENTIAL AND REAL SEED PRODUCTION OF ANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUM L. IN ALPINE COMMUNITIES
N.V. Lubeyiova
Summmary
We studied Anthoxanthum odoratum L. in different communities of the alpine belt of the North- Westem Caucasus. Dynamics of potential and real seed productions in connection with weather conditions was studied during 1991-1995 years. The racemes of A. odoratum began to build up at the end of August - September. The forming of ears started in the autumn and finished in the spring of following year. Their number depended on weather conditions. Quantity of seeds was connected with weather conditions during flowering, and during maturing of the seeds. Seed maturated in all communities, and mean quantity of the seeds was everywhere rather higfr in favorable years.
FACTORS OF GIANTISM OF HERBACEOUS PLANT COMMUNITIES
G.A. Belaya, V.L. Moroysv
Summary
Tall herbaceous plant communities are considered in worldwide context. Main factors of their distribution are discussed. Hypothesis about specific features of northeast Asian (Kamchatka, Sakhalin) giant plant was rejected. Giantism of the plants is heritable, but it realises under favourable ecological conditions.
A STUDY OF THE PRZEWALSKI HORSE POPULATION IN THE ZONE OF CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
T.L. Zharkikh, N.I. Yasynetska, A.N. Borovskij, N.S. Zvegintsova
Summary
On purpose to increase biodiversity in the biocenosis violated as a result of human activities and to maintain a balance of nature the Biosphere Reserve "Askania Nova" has launched the Programme on the Establishment of the Free-ranging Population of Przewalski Horses in Chemobyl Exclusion Zone and tlie Zone of Absolute Resettlement (CEZ). In 1998 the Acclimatization Centre for temporary maintenance of founders was built near Chemobyl. In 1998 and 1999 thirty one Przewalski horses from the Askania Nova Reserve and from a little zoo of Lozovski stud farm were brought there. The deatn rate of the imported horses is 32,3% (1999-2000), all of the Lozovski horses died. Reproductive rate is high - the Przewalski horses population has increased twofold. In 1999 foaling rate'was 66,7%, in 2001 it was 80,0%. Only 1 foal of 22 born in 1998-2001 died, survival rate of youngs is 95,5%. At the moment (January 1, 2002) the population consists of 42 Przewalski horses, including 21 specimens born there. The proportion of horses of the best age for reproduction (6-10 years) is large (40,5%). Przewalski horses have dispersed themselves over CEZ rather promptly. Harem groups roam within 20 kilometres from the Acclimatization Centre in 3 years after their release and they go on enlarging their home ranges. Bachelor stallions can leave CEZ in searcli of mares. So the initial stage of the establishment of the free-ranging population of Przewaiski horses in Chemobyl Zone have been finished.
SOUTHERN BREEDING POPULATION OF GREY PLOVER PLUVIALIS SQUATAROLA IN CHUKOTKA
P.S. Tomkovich, E.G. Lappo, E.E. Syroechkovski, Jr.
Summary
Grey Plover was formerly considered as a scarce breeding bird in the Nizhneanadyrskaya (Lover Anadyr) Lowland based primarily on faunistic data of early 1930s (Портенко 1939). During surveys in 2000-2001 around the Anadyr River estuary, in northeastern Koryak Highland and along the coastal lagoons between these two areas information was collected about distribution, numbers, phenology and biometrics of Grey Plover. The species was found widely distributed on breeding mostly in coastal habitats as far south as Lakhtina Lagoon (63o N, 179o14' E). The total breeding population is estimated as 200-250 pairs. It is speculated that this southern Grey Plover population can be separated from another rather dense population of northern coastal Chukotka, however, no significant difference was found between the two populations in biometrics of adult birds, egg size and phenology of breeding. Current information indicates that Grey Plovers from Chukotka do not migrate neither to North America, nor along the coast of Koryak Highland.