Biological series
Volume 107, Part 4
2002
8.04.2002
CONTENTS
Koshkarev E.P., Vyrypaev V.A. Changes in population status of some rare and commercially important mammals during last decade of XX century Kirghizian 3
Dubrovsky V. Yu. The long-term dynamics of population structure of small mammals in zonal and intrazonal communities of Moscow region 13
Bolshakov L. V. Phonological peculiarities of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Tula and neighbour provinces 22
Korolev S. G. Formation of the tunnel systems by larvae Hylecoetus Lart. (Coleoptera, Lymexylidae) 30
Mirkin B.M., Khasanova G.R., Abramova L.M., Sujundukov J.T. Successions in old artificial grasslands: regularities, input to biodiversity and stability of agroecosystems 39
Savinov I.A. The comparative anatomical study of petioles in some Aquifoliaceae and Celastraceae species 46
Kravtsova T.I. Fruit polymorphism in the family Urticaceae 54
Scientific communications
Chelintsev N.G. Line transect census for Butterflies 66
Malinkina E. V. Infrutescences of Lonicera (Caprifoliaceae): structure, development and oil localization 70
Bryntsev V.A. Properties of lateral elongated shoots of Pinus sylvestris L. and Pinus sibirica Du Tour. in dependence on their place in whorl 78
Barmin A.N., Golub V.B., Donnidontova G.N., Lysenko T.M. Dynamic evaluation of Volga Akhtuba flood-plain herbaceous vegetation over the second half of XX century 82
Sokoloff D.D., Chertoprud E.S. Diagnostic characters of Poa supina Schrad. (Gramineae) as revealed by studies in Moscow province 87
Jubilee Anniversary of Ludmila Ivanovna Abramova 91
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS OF POA SUPINA SCHRAD. (GRAMINEAE) AS REVEALED BY STUDIES IN MOSCOW PROVINCE
D.D. Sokoloff, E.S. Chertoprud
Summary
The variability of key morphological characters of Рос supina and closely related P. annua was studied in Moscow region. It is revealed, that neither ligule length, nor anther length cannot be used as a sole diagnostic character of P. supina. However,, two species can be distinguished using a combination of characters.
DYNAMIC EVOLUATION OF VOLGA-AKHTUBA FLOOD-PLAIN HERBACEOUS VEGETATION OVER THE SECOND HALF OF XX CENTURY
A.N. Barmin, V.B. Golub, G.N. Dormidontova, T.M. Lysenko Summary
The results of half centennial monitoring of Volga-Akhtuba flood-plain herbaceous vegetation are analyzed. The Volga river water dischardge has been changing considerably during'this period of time. The water dischardge had decreased in 50th- 70th of the twentieth century and has increased considerably in 80th-90th. Farming usage of Volga-Akhtuba Hoodplain vegetation as meadows and pastures has decreased in the last decade. The xerophytisation and pastoral degradation of vegetation were observed till the 80th, then the revegetation processes have begun.
INFRUTESCENCES OF LONICERA (CAPRIFOLIACEAE): STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENT AND OIL LOCALIZATION
E. V. Malinkina
Summary
The inflorescences of 17 species and 4 subspecies of Lonicera L. (Caprifoliaceae Juss.) have been examined. Their morphological structure varies depending on number, degree of fusion of bracteoles and anatomically resembling fruits. The rates and rhythms of forming of blue (sect. fsika subsect. Caeruleae) or red and black (sect. Lonicera, Caprifolium, Isika subsect. Rhodanthae) fruits are not the same. Localization and quantity of the oil drops in their pericarp cells are also different.
LINE TRANSECT CENSUS FOR BUTTERFLIES
N.G. Chelintsev
Summary
The method of line transect visual census for day butterflies is proposed. Number of detected individuals and perpendicular or radial-detection distances were used for estimation of species population density. Formulas for calculation of effective strip width (ESW) and population density are given.
FRUIT POLYMORPHISM IN THE FAMILY URTICACEAE
T.I. Kravtsova
Summary
Heterocarpy (often, probably, in combination with fruit polymorphism) is found to be rather widespread in the Urticaceae. Several its forms, characteristic mainly of single or two closely related genera, differ in morphological nature of diaspores (same or different in heteromorphs), connection with heteranthy or synaptospermy, continuous variation or producing of distinct types etc. Heterocarpy is determined mainly by structural differences in accessory fruit envelope (and sometimes, to much lesser extent, in the pericarp), in two genera (Boehmeria and Forsskaolea) it is due to differences in pericarp structure. Heterocarpy is more widespread in three allied tribes: Boehmerieae, Forsskaoleae and Parietarieae, especially in the group, combining genus Pouwkia, related genera and tribe Parietarieae. Features of their fruits are more distinctly expressed transference of pericarp functions to accessory tissues. In relation of fruit polymorphism to environment, the Urticaceae mainly follow a common trend in the Angiosperms: both cases of strongly pronounced heterocarpy (in Forsskaolea and Parietaria) occur in plants of dry habitats or periodical total getting dry. Insufficient study of this phenomenon in Urticaceae does not permit to determine in certain cases its nature - genetic or somatic and its ecological significance. These aspects need further investigation.
THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL STUDY OF PETIOLES IN SOME AQUIFOLIACEAE AND CELASTRACEAE SPECIES
l.A. Savinov
Summary
We have studied (lie anatomical structure of petioles in 2 species from 2 genera of the family Aquifoliaceae, and 14 species from 11 genera of different subfamilies and tribes of the family Celastraceae. It was determined, that the middle part of petioles has the most stable structure. We have revealed the most important diagnostics features, which may be useful! to resolve problems of the family taxonomy. These features included the form and pubescence of surface of the petioles, topography of the collenchima and sclerenchima, peculiarities of structure and number of vascular bundles.
SUCCESSIONS IN OLD ARTIFICIAL GRASSLANDS: REGULARITIES, INPUT TO BIODIVERSITY AND STABILITY OF AGROECOSYSTEMS
B.M. Mirkin, G.R. Khassanova, L.M. Abramova, J.T. Suyundukov
Summary
The ecological successions of artificial grasslands are described. Successions in different climatic regions of Bashkirian Transurale had a different rate of species turnover. Changes in soil properties during successions were discribed. The old artificial grasslands served as a pool of sufficient biodiversity of plants.
PHENOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA) IN TULA AND NEIGHBOUR PROVINCES
L.V. Bolshakov
Summary
On the basis of generalization of the results of long-term research and literary data the review of phenological peculiarities of 128 species of butterflies (Rhopalocera) in Tula and neighbour provinces is conducted.
THE LONG-TERM DYNAMICS OF POPULATION STRUCTURE OF SMALL MAMMALS IN ZONAL AND INTRAZONAL COMMUNITIES OF MOSCOW REGION
Dubrovsky V.Yu.
Summary
Spring and autumn registrations of small mammals (rodents and insectivores) have been conducted in the valleys of small rivers and flat interfluve communities of Smolensko-Moscow high ground and Mescherskaya lowland during 5 years. List of species and the number of most of species showed to be larger in the valleys of small rivers in comparison to flat interfluve habitats. Species inhabiting only flats and avoiding valleys' communities were not revealed. Differentiation of species according to their using of valleys' biotopes was not found out. Valleys of small rivers are equally attractive for small mammals independently of surroundings but if watershed territories are hardly suitable for settling of animals then typically forest species are localized in valleys' biotopes. Valleys of small rivers appear to be survival stations for abundant species dominating in the flats. Valleys' biotopes are the only suitable ones among large forest tracts for hydrophilous and meadow species. When penetrating of these animals deep into the forests the valleys of small rivers function as ecological river-beds for dispersion thus making the "lace" of species' area more dense.