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Volume 105, Part 4
2000
Publicated at 28.09.2000
CONTENTS
Koblik Ye. A., Chernyakhouskiy M. Ye., Voltzit O. V., Vassilieva A. B., Formozov N. A. Some characteristics of the position of the primary Faunistic border in Nepales Himalayas 3
Alekseyev S. S., Matveev A. N., Pichugin M. Yu., Samusenok V. P., Sheveleva N. G. Biology of charrs Salvelinus alpinus complex (Salmonidae) from lakes at the watershed of rivers Kuanda and Chara (northern Transbaikalia) and changes in the structure of their populations caused by human activities (1977-1999) 22
Zaugolnova L. ‚., Istomina 1. 1., Tikhonova E. V. Analisis of a forest catena in antropogenic landscafe (river Zhiletovka, Podolsk district Moscow region) 43
Choob V. V., Kozhevnikova A. D. The bulb structure in Narcissus bulbocodium L. and N. triandrus L. (Amaryllidaceae) 54
Scientific communications
Tzvelev N. N. Embrios of Magnoliophyta and Pinophyta as primary phytomers 61
Mavrodiev E. V. Typha x smirnovii E. Mavrodiev (T. latifolia L. s. str.x T. laxmannii Lepechin) and some other cattails from Russian Southeast 65
Vekhoff N. V. Lake and littoral flora of the southern part of the Kenozerskii National Park (Arkhangelsk Area) 69
Critique and bibliography
Mirkin B. M. Review on the book: V. V. Negrobov, K. F. Khmelev "Consortic analysis of Nymphaeaceae Salisb. in Middle Don basin" 74
Golub V. B., Dormidontova G. N. Review on the book: J. H. J. Shaminee et al. "De vegetatie van Nederland". Deel 1-4 75
NEW PLANT TAXA AND COMBINATIONS PUBLISHED IN PART 4
Typha x smirnovii E. Mavrodiev nothosect. nov. 66
Typha nothosect. Typheria E. Mavrodiev nothosect. nova 67
SUMMARIES
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POSITION OF THE PRIMARY FAUNISTIC BORDER IN NEPALESE HIMALAYAS
Ye. A. Koblik, M.Ye. Chernyakhovskiy, O.V. Volzit, A.B. Vassilieva, N.A. Formozov
Summary
The border between the Palearctic and Indo-Malayan biogeographical realms was studied in a valley of the Kali Gandaki river (Mustang district of Nepal) in terms of the data of four classes of vertebrates (Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia and Amphibia) and two groups of invertebrates (Insecta, Orthopteroidea and Acari, lxodidae).
The two groups (Aves, Orthopteroidea) for which we had the most material produced similar results. The fauna changes abruptly in the vicinity of Kalopani where the river valley makes a sharp turn. This turn prevents warm and moist air for rising along the valley. 219 species of birds were observed. 96 species of Orthopteroidea were collected (earwigs - 8 species, cockroaches - 11, walking sticks - 3, praying mantises - 7, grasshoppers, locusts, crickets etc - 67). 12 species of ticks found as well as 13 species of reptiles and amphibians. Mammals were collected only in the vicinity of Jornsom where their fauna is purely Palearctic.
BIOLOGY OF CHARRS SALVELINUS ALPINUS COMPLEX (SALMONIDAE) FROM LAKES AT THE WATERSHED OF RIVERS KUANDA AND CHARA (NORTHERN TRANSBAIKALIA) AND CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THEIR POPULATIONS CAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES (1977-1999)
S. S. Alekseyev, A.N. Matveev, M.Yu. Pichugin, V. P. Samusenok, N.G. Sheveleva
Summary
Populations of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus complex listed in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation as S. a. erythrinus, from five mountain lakes of Northern Transbaikalia were studied from 1977 to 1999. The lakes are situated at the watershed of rivers Kuanda (Vitim-Lena basin) and Chara (Olekma-Lena basin) in the vicinity of the Baikal-Amur railway constructed in this region in early 1980-ies. In each of them two or three sympatric charr forms (dwarf, small, large) differing in size at maturity were found. Data on age, growth, reproduction, feeding of these forms as well as on the food resourses of the lakes are presented; changes in charr populations over the study period due to anthropogenic factor were monitored. The large form of charr in Lakes Bol 'shoe Leprindo, Maloe Leprindo and Gol'tsovoe and the small form in the latter were exterminated by illegal fishing which considerably increased after the construction of the railway; in Lake Leprindokan the abundance of the large form sharply decreased.
ANALISIS OF A FOREST CATENA IN ANTROPOGENIC LANDSCAPE (RIVER ZHILETOVKA, PODOLSK DISTRICT MOSCOW REGION)
L.B. Zaugolnova, I.I. Istomina, E.V. Tikhonova
Summary
The role of enviromental factors in differentiation of species composition is analyzed as well as the degree of variation between different ecotopes and biotopes both on their ecological and vegetation characteristics.
Ecotopes are distinguished on the base of bedrock type and their place in relief; biotopes on tree layer dominants. The ecological conditions for each type of ecotopes and biotopes are characterized by using Tsyganov's ecological indicator values. The district differentiation between ecotopes of floodplain and watershelt resulted from varieties in humidity, acidity and thickness of humus layer is shown. This differentiation is correspondent with a large scale vegetation mosaics. Ecotopes of watershelt show as usual a weak differentiation in both ecological space and vegetation structure. But highest points of watershelt differ better. The middle scale mosaics determined by tree composition is expressed more strictly especially between spruce-dominated on one hand and aspen-dominated and broad-leaved stands on another.
The structure of potential vegetation of the catena is evaluated and the main successional trends are shown. The anthropogenic transformation of forest vegetation led to weakening of position of broad-leaved trees and strengthening of spruce position; fragmentation of population of potential herb layer dominants and strengthening of forest R-strategists.
THE BULB STRUCTURE IN NARCISSUS BULBOCODIUM L. AND N. TRIANDRUS L. (AMARYLLIDACEAE)
V. V. Choob, A.D. Kozhevnikova
Summary
The branching systems in dwarf daffodils Narcissus bulbocodium L. and N. triandms L. were investigated. Two competing hypotheses were postulated: monopodial and sympodial ones., We used the method of "phantom organ" for the purposes of phyllotaxy and branching modelling. A variability of the bulb built was revealed. Plants with additional leaves or/and additional lateral branches in the inflorescence region were selected for the analysis. The sympodial model appeared to be more valid, because it gives the best explanation of all the variants of the bulb structure observed. If sympodium in Narcissus is accepted, it is necessary to assume, that the innovation shoot has the reduced ("phantom") prophyll. We can draw the complete morphological row of the prophyll reduction in Amaryllidaceae. The structural unit of the daffodil bulb is initiated in the Fx-I axil and it is terminated by the inflorescence. The seasonal and the structural units in N. triandms did not coincide. The green leaves in the basal portion of the innovation shoot expand synchronously with the inflorescence of the parent axis.
EMBRYOS OF MAGNOLIOPHYTA AS PRIMARY PHYTOMERS
N.N. Tzvelev
Summary
The accepted concept of phytomers (the phyton hypothesis of shoots structure) gives some reasons to treat monocotyledon embryos as evolutionary primary ones for Magnoliophyta and Pinophyta. The embryo was to be treated as a single primary phytomer differentiated in a various degree. The true apex of this phytomer is one of its leafy parts, i. e. cotyledon. The embryo bud of the monocotyledon embryo is always lateral. Both the dicotyledon and the polycotyledon embryos of Magnoliophyta and Pinophyta, to this point of view, is the secondary one being a result of the polymerisation of the primary phytomer (a monocotyledon embryo) in the cotyledon node. Because of this polymerisation, parts of the stems of two or more cotyledons unite, and leafy parts of the phytomers (cotyledons) remain free. The embryo bud becomes apical (not lateral). It is possible to accept also as primary features the fibrous root system in comparison with the tap one, the presence of the endomycorrhiza in comparison with its absence, and the underground germination of seeds in comparison with the overground one. This set of features may support the more prominent primarily of Liliopsida in comparison with Magnoliopsida.
TYPHA x SMIRNOVII E. MAVRODIEV (T. LATIFOLIA L. S. STR. x T. LAXMANNII LEPECHIN) AND SOME OTHER CA1TAILS FROM RUSSIAN SOUTHEAST
E.V. Mavrodiev
Summary
A new hybrid, Typha x smirnovii E. Mavrodiev, nothosp. nov. (T. latifolia L. s. str. x T. laxmannii Lepechin) is described from Volgograd region of Russia. T. x geze Rothm. (T. angustifolia L. x T. australis Schum. et Thonn.) is reported for the first time from East Europe. T. x glauca Godron (T. angustifolia L. x T. latifolia L.) is reported for the first time from Saratov region of Russia.
LAKE AND LITTORAL FLORA OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE KENOZERSKH NATIONAL PARK (ARKHANGELSK AREA)
N.V. Vekhoff
Summary
Seven species of stoneworts, 16 mosses and 150 high vascular plants were recorded in 40 lakes of southern part from the Kenozerskii National Park (61ø40'-62ø20' N, 37ø40'-38ø30' E). Hydrophytes (71 species) were predominated among high vascular plants. 39 species (26%) were recorded in all investigated lakes. Presence of antropochor hydrophytes (Elodea canadensis, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Stratiotes aloides and Typha latifolia) was associated with a human influence. Minimal diversity (50 species) has been found in karst craters.